{"id":21928,"date":"2025-04-19T14:42:02","date_gmt":"2025-04-19T07:42:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/thoi-su\/phat-hien-bang-chung-ve-su-song-ngoai-hanh-tinh\/"},"modified":"2025-04-19T14:42:02","modified_gmt":"2025-04-19T07:42:02","slug":"phat-hien-bang-chung-ve-su-song-ngoai-hanh-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/?p=21928","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh"},"content":{"rendered":"
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M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh tinh K2-18b. \u1ea2nh: Exoplanet<\/em><\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

N\u0103m 2023, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng K\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng Kh\u00f4ng gian James Webb (JWST) c\u1ee7a NASA th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a dimethyl sulfide (DMS) tr\u00ean K2-18b, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n 9 l\u1ea7n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i sao c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta kho\u1ea3ng 120 n\u0103m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, DMS ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o ra, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 2023 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a JWST kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a DMS, v\u00ec v\u1eady nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh quan s\u00e1t l\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, theo Space<\/em>.<\/p>\n

JWST c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh tinh khi ch\u00fang “di chuy\u1ec3n” qua tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t ng\u00f4i sao ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t. K\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng sao m\u00e0 ch\u00fang h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n DMS b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng NIRISS (M\u00e1y \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng khe c\u1eadn h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i) v\u00e0 NIRSpec (Ph\u1ed5 k\u1ebf c\u1eadn h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i) c\u1ee7a JWST. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi, h\u1ecd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 MIRI (Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gi\u1eefa h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i) tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 10 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

MIRI c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a DMS v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n g\u0169i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc, theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 17\/4 tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed The Astrophysical Journal Letters<\/em>. “\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3”, Nikku Madhusudhan, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea3 hai nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 K2-18b, cho bi\u1ebft. “T\u00edn hi\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd”.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n nghi ng\u1edd K2-18b c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi “Hycean”, l\u1edbp ngo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecfng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n gi\u00e0u hydro. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a K2-18b c\u0169ng gi\u00e0u DMS v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c DMDS theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi. Nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01a1n 10 ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7u theo th\u1ec3 t\u00edch, so v\u1edbi \u00edt h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ef7 \u1edf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

“C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh nh\u01b0 DMS v\u00e0 DMDS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Hycean”, Madhusudhan n\u00f3i. “Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. V\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tinh n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Hycean v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3”.<\/p>\n

Madhusudhan v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh. H\u1ecd cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng t\u1ecf ra th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u1ecf ra ho\u00e0i nghi h\u01a1n trong cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 K2-18b v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Chris Lintott, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch Madhusudhan m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u DMS\/DMDS l\u00e0 “r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd”.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ngo\u00e0i h\u00e0nh tinh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh nh\u01b0 K2-18b m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

An Khang<\/strong> (Theo Space<\/em>)<\/p>\n

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M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ngo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh tinh K2-18b. \u1ea2nh: Exoplanet N\u0103m 2023, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng K\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng Kh\u00f4ng gian James Webb (JWST) c\u1ee7a NASA th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a dimethyl sulfide (DMS) tr\u00ean K2-18b, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p g\u1ea7n 9 l\u1ea7n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21929,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAow44a6DA:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thoi-su"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21928"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21928\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/21929"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/quanghung.name.vn\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}